Is there any link remaining between biological and social/cultural differences between men and women when studying

Question: Is there any link remaining between biological and social/cultural differences between men and women when studying neuroscience?
- Keywords:
  biology,
  gender,
  neuroscience,
  psychology,
  sociology
Asked by FlorenceJ on 16 Dec 2025.
- Caroline Ratcliffe answered on 16 Dec 2025:
  
  Wow @FlorenceJ, what a great question!
  
  The recent school exam results in the United Kingdom did show that boys are closing the gap on girls and in 2025 they outperformed for the first time in 7 years.
  From the area I currently work in, where I am training students in the NHS, I do see more female students than male but this is common within the NHS as there are around 70% female NHS staff members according to research. Neurophysiology is one of the qualifications I teach!
  
  If we are speaking about a patient point of view, from my own working history, I have seen biological genetic links between traditional XX (female) and XY (male) chromosomes. I have had individuals who are XYX, XYY, XXX so this is something I always consider now when speaking with new patients. I hope this helps answer your question?

Question: Is there any link remaining between biological and social/cultural differences between men and women when studying neuroscience?